Providing life support

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods of providing life support are provided. A life support system includes a first life support device that has a control unit and is configured to apply a life support protocol to a subject. The first life support device also includes a memory unit that can store life support protocol information, and the control unit can provide the life support protocol information to a second life support device. The control unit can also receive operating instructions from the second life support device based on the life support protocol information, and can implement the operating instructions.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

At least one embodiment of the present invention relates generally tosystems and methods of providing life support.

2. Discussion of Related Art

Cardiac arrest and other health ailments are a major cause of deathworldwide. Various resuscitation efforts aim to maintain the body'scirculatory and respiratory systems during cardiac arrest in an attemptto save the life of the victim. The sooner these resuscitation effortsbegin, the better the victim's chances of survival.

SUMMARY

Aspects and embodiments of the present invention are directed to systemsand methods of providing life support. A first life support device isconfigured to monitor or apply treatment to a subject, such as a person.The first life support device obtains information about the monitoringor treatment of the subject, and provides this information to a secondlife support device. The first life support device receives operatinginstructions from the second life support device and implements theoperating instructions.

At least one aspect is directed to a life support system. The lifesupport system includes a first life support device that has a controlunit and is configured to apply a life support protocol to a subject.The first life support device also includes a memory unit that can storelife support protocol information, and the control unit can provide thelife support protocol information to a second life support device. Thecontrol unit can also receive operating instructions from the secondlife support device based on the life support protocol information, andcan implement the operating instructions.

In some embodiments, the first life support device includes at least oneof an automated external defibrillator, a wearable therapeutic device,and a basic life support defibrillator, and the second life supportdevice includes an advanced life support defibrillator. In anembodiment, the first life support device is configured to apply thetreatment to the subject. The first life support device can also providean indication of treatment capabilities of the first life support deviceto the second life support device.

In an embodiment, the operating instructions from the second lifesupport device include an instruction to apply treatment to the subjectfrom the second life support device. The second life support device canalso display the operating instructions. In an embodiment, a monitor candisplay the operating instructions. In some embodiments, the controlunit of the first life support device can provide life support protocolinformation that indicates at least one of a state of the first lifesupport device and a treatment recommendation. The control unit canreceive a prompt from the second life support device to provide the lifesupport protocol information. In some embodiments, the second lifesupport device can control the first life support device to applytreatment from the first life support device to the subject based on theoperating instructions.

At least one aspect is directed to a method of providing life support.The method includes acts of applying a life support protocol from afirst life support device to a subject, recording life support protocolinformation, and providing the life support protocol information to asecond life support device. The method also includes acts of receivingoperating instructions from the second life support device based on thelife support protocol information, and implementing the operatinginstructions.

In some embodiments, the method includes acts of applying treatment tothe subject from one of the first life support device and the secondlife support device, or implementing the operating instructions tocouple the second life support device with to the subject. The methodcan also include an act of displaying the operating instructions. Someembodiments include acts of indicating at least one of a state of thefirst life support device and a treatment recommendation, or acts ofproviding an indication of treatment capabilities of the first lifesupport device to the second life support device. Some embodimentsinclude acts of receiving a prompt to provide the life support protocolinformation or providing a prompt for the operating instructions.

In an embodiment, the method includes acts of providing instructions todecouple the first life support device from the subject, and providinginstructions to couple the second life support device with the subject.Embodiments also include acts of receiving instructions to decouple thefirst life support device from the subject and receiving instructions tocouple the second life support device with the subject.

At least one aspect is directed to a method of providing life support.The method includes an act of providing a first life support deviceconfigured to apply treatment to a subject, the first life supportdevice configured to provide life support protocol information to asecond device, receive operating instructions from the second device,and implement the operating instructions.

In accordance with another aspect, a method of providing life supportusing a first life support device is provided. The method comprisessending a first communication to the first life support device to alertthe first life support device to a presence of a second life supportdevice; receiving information from the first life support deviceconcerning a life support protocol applied to a subject by the firstlife support device; and sending a second communication to the firstlife support device instructing the first life support device to modifythe life support protocol applied to the subject by the first lifesupport device based upon the information received from the first lifesupport device.

In accordance with another aspect, a life support system is provided.The life support system comprises a first life support device having acontrol unit configured to receive information related to a life supportprotocol applied to a subject by a second life support device that isdistinct from the first life support device. The first life supportdevice is further configured to determine a second life support protocolto be applied to the subject, and to communicate operating instructionsto the second life support device based upon the information to causethe second life support device to apply the second life support protocolto the subject.

These and other aspects and embodiments are discussed in detail below.The foregoing information and the following detailed description includeillustrative examples of various aspects and embodiments, and provide anoverview or framework for understanding the nature and character of theclaimed aspects and embodiments. The drawings provide illustration and afurther understanding of the various aspects and embodiments, and areincorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. Thedrawings, together with the remainder of the specification, serve todescribe and explain the claimed aspects and embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In thedrawings, each identical or nearly identical component that isillustrated in various figures is represented by a like numeral. Forpurposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in everydrawing. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram depicting a life support system in accordancewith an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram depicting a life support device in accordancewith an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram depicting a life support device inaccordance with another embodiment; and

FIG. 4 is a flow chart depicting a method of providing life support inaccordance with an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The systems and methods described herein are not limited in theirapplication to the details of construction and the arrangement ofcomponents set forth in the description or illustrated in the drawings.The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced orof being carried out in various ways. Also, the phraseology andterminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should notbe regarded as limiting. The use of “including,” “comprising,” “having,”“containing,” “involving,” and variations thereof herein, is meant toencompass the items listed thereafter, equivalents thereof, andadditional items.

Various aspects and embodiments are directed to a life support system.The life support system includes a first life support device thatmonitors or applies treatment to a subject. The first life supportdevice can also record and communicate information concerning themonitoring or treatment to a second life support device. Based on thisinformation, the first life support device receives operatinginstructions from the second life support device, and implements thereceived instructions, enhancing and providing a seamless integration orescalation of more advanced diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of thesubject.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a life support system 100 in accordancewith one embodiment. The life support system 100 includes at least onefirst life support device 105. In an embodiment, the first life supportdevice 105 includes at least one Basic Life Support (BLS) device such asa BLS defibrillator or an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). In anembodiment, the first life support device 105 can be part of an externaldefibrillator or pacing device such as the AED Pro or AED Plusdefibrillator, LifeVest®, ProPack M.D., X Series defibrillators, MSeries defibrillators, R Series defibrillator BLS, or E Seriesdefibrillator manufactured by the Zoll Medical Corporation of ChelmsfordMass. In an embodiment, the first life support device 105 isspecifically designed to be operated by a person with little or nomedical training, and prompts the user with a series of instructions totreat a subject, and does not allow the user to deviate from theinstructions. For example, the first life support device 105 candetermine a power level of a defibrillation shock to be applied to thesubject, and does not permit the user to adjust the power of thedefibrillation shock. Rather, in this example, the user followsinstructions to couple the first life support device 105 with thesubject, for example by placing electrodes as instructed on the subjector by turning on the first life support device 105 and then the firstlife support device 105 automatically determines a treatment to beapplied to the subject.

The first life support device 105 can include a pacing unit or amonitoring device that records health related information from asubject, such as information about the subject's respiration rate orheart activity. In an embodiment, the first life support device 105includes an electrocardiograph that can display a subject'selectrocardiogram (ECG). The first life support device 105 can becarried by paramedics, emergency health care providers, or firstresponders, such as police or firemen, or may be the type of lifesupport device that is provided by a business or common carrier (e.g.,an airline or bus) for use in an emergency situation. These or otherusers couple the first life support device 105 with a subject to monitorthe subject to diagnose a condition (e.g., cardiac arrest, arrhythmia),or to apply treatment to the subject (e.g., defibrillation therapy,pacing therapy).

In an embodiment, the first life support device 105 includes at leastone control unit 110. The control unit 110 controls operation of firstlife support device 105. For example, the control unit 110 can directthe first life support device 105 to monitor the medical status of asubject or apply treatment to the subject. The first life support device105 can also include at least one memory unit 115. In an embodiment, thememory unit 115 is coupled to the control unit 110 and stores monitoredinformation of the subject such as ECG information, or the subject'srespiration rate. The memory unit 115 may also store historicalinformation about the subject, information about the subject's age,weight, health, or gender, as well as information about past treatmentapplied by the life support device 105 to the subject. Such informationmay include the date and time at which treatment was applied to thesubject, the nature of the treatment (e.g., the pulse width, amplitude,energy level of the treatment, whether monophasic or biphasic pulseswere delivered, etc.)

The first life support device 105 can include at least one monitor 120.In an embodiment, the monitor 120 is coupled to the control unit 110 andthe memory unit 115 and can display information about the subject suchas the subject's ECG, heart rate, or respiration rate. The monitor 120can also display other information about the subject (e.g., age, weight,etc.) as well as indicate what treatment has been applied to the subjectand when that treatment was applied. In an embodiment, the monitor 120indicates treatment is being applied to the subject during theapplication of that treatment by the first life support device 105. Forexample, the monitor 120 can display a warning that an electric shock isabout to be applied or is being applied to the subject by first lifesupport device 105. The warning can be visual or audio. In anembodiment, the monitor 120 includes a user interface where a user(e.g., the subject or a first responder) of the first life supportdevice 105 can input information, such as information about thesubject's health, appearance, age, weight, or gender. This informationcan be stored in the memory unit 115.

The first life support device 105 includes at least one electrode 125.In an embodiment, the at least one electrode 125 includes one or moresensing electrodes that monitor the subject and can detect ECGinformation, respiration information, or other information about thesubject's condition. The at least one electrode 125 can alternativelyinclude one or more therapy electrodes that can apply treatment to thesubject, such as to administer pacing signals or a defibrillation shock.In some embodiments, the at least one electrode 125 can include bothsensing electrodes and therapy electrodes as discrete electrodes, orcombined into an integrated sensing/therapy electrode assembly. In anembodiment, the at least one electrode 125 is an external electrode thatcan be placed on a subject's body. In some embodiments, the at least oneelectrode 125 can be a subcutaneous or implantable electrode; a dryelectrode, or an electrode to which a conductive fluid is applied toreduce impedance between the at least one electrode 125 and the subject.

In an embodiment, the first life support device 105 includes at leastone power supply 130. The at least one power supply 130 may includebatteries or other power supplies, including AC power supplies anduninterruptible power supplies. In an embodiment, the at least one powersupply 130 provides power to the first life support device 105,including its components such as the control unit 110, the memory unit115, the monitor 120, and the at least one electrode 125.

In an embodiment, the life support system 100 includes at least onesecond life support device 135. In an embodiment, the second lifesupport device 135 includes at least one Advanced Life Support (ALS)device such as an ALS defibrillator. In an embodiment, the second lifesupport device 135 is part of an external defibrillator or pacing devicesuch as the M Series defibrillator, LifeVest®, ProPack M.D., X Seriesdefibrillator, R Series ALS defibrillator, R Series Plus defibrillator,or E Series defibrillator manufactured by the Zoll Medical Corporationof Chelmsford Mass. In an embodiment, the second life support device 135is more advanced than first life support device 105 in that it mayinclude functionality specifically adapted for use by a user withspecialized medical training, such as an ALS provider, a doctor, or anemergency medical technician. For example, the second life supportdevice 135 can be responsive to user input. A user can overridetreatment suggested by second life support device 135, or can modify apower level, pulse width, pulse type (e.g., monophasic or biphasic), orother parameter of the defibrillation shock to be applied to thesubject. In this example, the user of the second life support device 135can diagnose the subject and control second life support device 135 tomonitor or treat the subject accordingly. Although not depicted in FIG.1, the second life support device 135 generally includes at least onecontrol unit, memory unit, monitor and electrode to monitor, diagnose,and apply treatment to a subject.

It should be appreciated that in a variety of circumstances a subjectmay become stricken and require medical attention. To attend to thestricken subject, the first life support device 105 is coupled to thesubject and the control unit 110 applies a life support protocol. Forexample, the first life support device 105 can apply a life supportprotocol that includes monitoring the subject to determine if an event(e.g., cardiac arrest) that requires resuscitation or other treatmenthas occurred. In this example, the at least one electrode 125 canmonitor the subject's heart activity and the monitor 120 can display thesubject's ECG. The life support protocol can also include theapplication of treatment, such as a defibrillation or pacing treatmentapplied to the subject from the at least one electrode 125. The memoryunit 115 can store the life support protocol information, such as ECGsignals, or other information about heart activity, as well as treatmentinformation, such as a history of treatment or monitoring life supportprotocols applied to the subject by the first life support device 105.

The control unit 110 of the first life support device 105 cancommunicate the life support protocol information to the second lifesupport device 135. For example, a first responder can use the firstlife support device 105 to apply a life support protocol to treat ormonitor a subject who is experiencing a cardiac arrest when anotherresponder with a second life support device 135 arrives on scene, orwhen the subject arrives in a treatment facility where the second lifesupport device 135 is present. In an embodiment, the second life supportdevice 135 is more advanced than first life support device 105, and canmonitor or apply treatment to the subject that is beyond thecapabilities of first life support device 105.

In an embodiment, the control unit 110 of the first life support device105 communicates information about the subject to the second lifesupport device 135, and receives instructions from the second lifesupport device 135 via at least one wired or wireless communication path140. For example, communications path 140 may comprise any typeinterface or network such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB), local areanetwork (LAN), Wireless LAN (WLAN), Patient Area Network (PAN) and/orMedical Body Area Network (MBAN). The first life support device 105 canimplement these instructions while operatively coupled with the subject,and in an embodiment can operate under the control of the second lifesupport device 135 that is in communication with first life supportdevice 105 via communication path 140, but not physically coupled withthe subject, (e.g., wirelessly). The second life support device 135 caninclude a controller to process information about the subject, includingprocessing information monitored by first life support device 105,logistical information provided by first life support device 105, ortreatment information indicative of treatment activity provided or beingprovided by first life support device 105 via communication path 140.Based on this information, the second life support device 135 candetermine how to proceed, and can provide instructions to the first lifesupport device 105 via communication path 140 to, for example, continueto monitor the subject, apply treatment to the subject, or to shut downand decouple from the subject so that the second life support device 135can be coupled with the subject to monitor or apply treatment to thesubject.

In accordance with one embodiment, the first life support device 105 maybe capable of providing treatment to the subject in response toinstructions received from the second life support device 135 that itwould otherwise be unable to perform on its own. For example, the firstlife support device 105 may have a first or default mode of operationwhen used as a stand-alone device and a second or configurable mode ofoperation when appropriately instructed by another life support device,such as the more advanced second life support device 135. In the firstmode of operation the first life support device 105 may be configured tomonitor the subject and provide treatment to the subject in accordancewith a pre-configured treatment protocol that cannot be altered orchanged by the user (who is assumed to lack the requisite medicaltraining). In the second mode of operation, the first life supportdevice can be instructed to deviate from that pre-configured treatmentprotocol at the instruction of the second life support device (which isassumed to be operated under the control of a trained medical serviceprovider). For example, where the first life support device 105 is anAED or a BLS defibrillator, the first life support device 105 may beinstructed to vary the pulse width, amplitude, energy level or type ofdefibrillation pulses applied at the direction of the second lifesupport device 135. Such dual mode operational capability may dispensewith the time delay associated with shutting down and decoupling thefirst life support device 105 from the subject and then coupling thesecond life support device 135 to the subject.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram in accordance with another embodiment in whichthe first life support device 105 is a wearable therapeutic ormonitoring device associated with at least one garment 205. The garment205 may have the shape of a vest or shirt. The garment 205 may alsoinclude at least one belt 210 worn about the subject's waist, at ahigher location about the subject's chest, or at other locations betweenthe subject's waist and shoulders. In an embodiment, clothes that arenot part of the garment 205 may be present between the garment 205 andthe subject, and at least parts of the first life support device 105 canbe worn under or over the subject's clothes.

The first life support device 105 can be a wearable therapeutic devicethat includes at least one defibrillator unit 215. In an embodiment, theat least one defibrillator unit 215 is an external defibrillator housedin the garment 205. The at least one defibrillator unit 215 can also bepart of a Basic Life Support system. Defibrillator unit 215 may includea power supply 130 or a separate power source. In an embodiment,defibrillator unit 215 is attached to belt 210, at least one shoulderstrap 220, or is disposed in holster 225. In an embodiment,defibrillator unit 215 is electrically coupled with at least oneelectrode 125. The at least one electrode 125 may be disposed in or onthe belt 210, the shoulder strap 220 or at other locations on thegarment 205.

In an embodiment, control unit 110 monitors a subject's condition. Forexample, the at least one electrode 125 can include one or more ECGsensing electrodes that sense electrical activity of the subject'sheart. When, for example, an arrhythmic event is detected, an alarmmodule 230 or the monitor 120 can provide a warning that the subjectwearing the first life support device 105 is in danger of, or isexperiencing cardiac arrest or other type of cardiac distress. Thewarning can be audio, visual, haptic, or combinations thereof. Thememory unit 115 can store alarm information such as the nature, type,and cause of the alarm and the control unit 110 can provide thisinformation to the second life support device 135 for further processingor analysis or for a determination, by the second life support device135, of operating instructions such as further monitoring or treatmentof the subject.

In an embodiment, the at least one electrode 125 is a permanentcomponent of garment 205. For example, the at least one electrode 125can be integral to the garment 205 and disposed proximate to thesubject's chest, back, or abdomen when the subject is wearing thegarment 205. In an embodiment, the at least one electrode 125 includes aplurality of therapy electrodes disposed proximate to the subject sothat when defibrillator unit 215 delivers a defibrillation shock, acircuit is formed including at least a portion of the subject's body,defibrillator unit 215, and the therapy electrodes. Wires, conductivethread, or other conductive elements can be embedded in or attached togarment 205 to couple control unit 110, defibrillator unit 215, the atleast one electrode 125, monitor 120 and alarm module 230.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram depicting the first life support device105 including the garment 205 in accordance with an embodiment. Thegarment 205 can include one front therapy electrode 125 a and two reartherapy electrodes 125 b. In an embodiment these therapy electrodes areconfigured to administer defibrillation and/or pacing therapy to thesubject wearing the first life support device 105 and the first lifesupport device 105 further includes a plurality of sensing electrodes125 c, 125 d, 125 e, and 125 f configured to sense cardiac activity ofthe subject. The electrodes 125 a-f can be disposed in anterior,posterior, or lateral positions on the subject, for example proximate tothe subject's chest, back, or sides. In an embodiment, a first sensingelectrode is disposed in an anterior position, and a second sensingelectrode is disposed in a posterior position. In a further aspect ofthis embodiment, two sensing electrodes are disposed in opposing lateralpositions. The garment 205 can include pockets or sleeves configured tohouse the sensing and/or therapy electrodes. Any of the control unit110, the defibrillator unit 215, the monitor 120, and the alarm module230 can be attached to the belt 210 of the garment 205. The control unit110 may be part of the defibrillator unit 215. In an embodiment, thecontrol unit 110 directs the operation of the defibrillator unit 215,the alarm module 230, and the monitor 120.

In an embodiment, the first life support device 105 may include thewearable therapeutic device described in commonly owned U.S. patentapplication Ser. Nos. 13/109,079, entitled “Wearable TherapeuticDevice,” filed on May 17, 2011, or U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/315,894, entitled “Wearable Therapeutic Device,” filed on Dec. 9,2011, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.The referenced applications generally describe a wearable therapeuticdevice, such as a LifeVest® wearable defibrillator available from ZollMedical Corporation of Chelmsford Mass.

The subject can be wearing the first life support device as illustratedin FIG. 3, or first responders, health care providers, or the subjecthimself can couple the first life support device 105 (FIG. 1) with thesubject. The first life support device 105 can be coupled with thesubject while the subject is experiencing a cardiac event or otherwisein need of immediate medical attention. In an embodiment, the subjectwears the first life support device 105 substantially continuously for aperiod of time (e.g., while sleeping, working, exercising, or goingabout daily activities) in the absence of a cardiac event. The firstlife support device 105 can apply a life support protocol to thesubject, for example by monitoring the subject's condition or byapplying treatment to the subject.

In an embodiment, the first life support device 105 transmitsinformation to the second life support device 135, for example via wiredor wireless connections, including wired or wireless universal serialbus connections and short range Bluetooth® wireless connections betweenthe first life support device 105 and the second life support device135. It should be appreciated that other communication standards andprotocols that are capable of communicating over longer distances mayalternatively be used, such as TCP/IP, Ethernet, Wireless Ethernet, GSM,etc. The information provided can include life support protocolinformation carried out by the first life support device 105 as well asgeneral information about the subject. In an embodiment, the first lifesupport device 105 detects the presence of the second life supportdevice 135, for example via an active, passive, or semi-passive radiofrequency identification (RFID) communication system, and establishes aconnection with and provides information to the second life supportdevice 135 responsive to this detection. Alternatively, the second lifesupport 135 may detect the presence of the first life support device 105when brought in proximity with the first life support device. In analternative embodiment, a rescuer or health care provider (e.g., doctor,nurse, or emergency medical technician) couples the first life supportdevice 105 with the second life support device 135.

In an embodiment, the second life support device 135 determines a courseof action to follow responsive to information received from the firstlife support device 105. Information received from the first lifesupport device 105 may include the date and time of any defibrillationshocks applied to the subject, the pulse width, amplitude, and energylevel of those treatments, ECG and/or other information (such as pulseoxygen level, blood pressure, tidal carbon dioxide measurements, etc.)before and after treatment, etc. For example, the second life supportdevice 135 can determine that the first life support device 105 shouldcontinue monitoring or treating the subject, or should apply a new ordifferent treatment to the subject, e.g., defibrillation or pacing. Inan embodiment, the second life support device 135 determines that alevel of treatment applied by the first life support device 105 shouldbe modified, e.g., a stronger or weaker defibrillation shock based, forexample, on monitored information of the subject's response to previoustreatment, or based on the subject's weight or size. The first lifesupport device 105 can also provide information about the operatingstatus of the first life support device 105, such as remaining availablepower from the power supply 130, or the time necessary before the firstlife support device 105 is scheduled or able to apply defibrillationtherapy to the subject.

In an embodiment, the second life support device 135 determines thecapabilities of the first life support device 105. For example, thefirst life support device 105 can provide information about itsmonitoring and treatment capabilities to the second life support device135. In an embodiment, this information may be provided as a list offeatures or operational capabilities supported by the first life supportdevice 105. Alternatively, this information may be provided as anidentifier that identifies the model number and manufacturer of thefirst life support device 105. In this alternative embodiment, thesecond life support device 135 may include a look-up table, for example,stored in a memory of the second life support device, by which it canassociate the features and operational capabilities supported by thefirst life support device, based upon the manufacturer and model number.In other embodiments, the second life support device may alternativelyor additionally include a web interface by which it can identify thefeatures and capabilities of the first life support device based uponthe manufacturer and model number. The second life support device 135can then determine a course of action based on the supported featuresand treatment capabilities of the first life support device 105. Forexample, the second life support device 135 can determine that the firstlife support device 105 should continue or adjust its monitoring ortreatment of the subject, or should decouple from the subject because nofurther monitoring or treatment is necessary, or because the first lifesupport device 105 is not capable of providing the necessary treatmentor monitoring. In an embodiment, the first life support device 105receives a command from the second life support device 135 to stopapplying a life support protocol to the subject so that the second lifesupport device 135 may apply a new, different, or more advanced lifesupport protocol that the first life support device 105 cannotimplement.

A controller of the second life support device 135 can establish amaster/slave relationship with the control unit 110 of the first lifesupport device 105 where the second life support device 135 provides thecontrol unit 110 with operating instructions that the control unit 110executes. As noted previously, the operating instructions provided bythe second life support device 135 may permit the first life supportdevice 105 to perform treatment protocols that it would not be permittedto be performed when operated as a stand-alone device. In an embodiment,a power source of the second life support device 135 provides power tocomponents of the first life support device 105, such as the monitor120, the alarm module 230, or the electrodes 125 for monitoring ortherapy treatment.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart depicting a method 400 of providing life supportin accordance with an embodiment. The method 400 includes an act ofapplying a life support protocol (ACT 405) by a first life supportdevice. For example, applying a life support protocol can include one ormore of monitoring a subject (e.g., monitoring cardiac or respiratoryfunctions), applying treatment to the subject, or treating cardiac orrespiratory conditions with defibrillation or pacing therapy,administering medicine, providing instructions to the subject or ahealth care provider present with the subject, or sounding an alarm, ortransmitting a communication to alert a rescuer that the subject is indistress and requires assistance.

In an embodiment, method 400 includes an act of recording life supportprotocol information (ACT 410) by the first life support device. Forexample, a life support device can include a memory unit to storeinformation about the life support protocol. The information can includedata about the type of treatment (e.g., defibrillation, pacing) and thesubject's response to treatment in the form of an ECG, for example. Theinformation can also include information about the subject, such as anestimated weight provided by the subject or by an operator of the lifesupport device. The information can also include monitored informationabout one or more of the subject's cardiac or respiratory activitybefore, during, or after any treatment or any symptoms of a medicalcondition. In an embodiment, recording protocol information additionallyincludes recording information that identifies an operating state of atleast one life support device, whether electrodes are in sufficientcontact with the subject to monitor or deliver therapy with the subject,or whether the power supply is sufficiently charged to administerdefibrillation therapy.

Method 400 also includes an act of communicating the life supportprotocol information (ACT 415). In an embodiment, communicating the lifesupport protocol information (ACT 415) includes transmitting monitoringor treatment information from the first life support device to a secondlife support device that receives the transmitted information. Theinformation can be communicated wirelessly or via a wire communicationpath between the first and second life support devices. Communicatingthe life support protocol information (ACT 415) can include providingthe subject's ECG, other cardiac or respiratory information to thesecond life support device. In an embodiment, communicating life supportprotocol information (ACT 415) includes providing information about thefirst life support device, such as its battery life or its monitoring ortreatment capabilities, or identifying information of the first lifesupport device, such as a model number. The second life support devicecan receive and analyze the model number to identify monitoring ortreatment capabilities of the first device, based on its model number.Communicating life support protocol information (ACT 415) can alsoinclude providing information about treatment provided to the subject.The life support protocol information can be communicated (ACT 415) fromthe first life support device to the second life support deviceresponsive to a prompt received by the first life support device, orresponsive to detection of the second life support device by the firstlife support device. In an embodiment, the life support protocolinformation includes at least one treatment recommendation based, forexample, on past treatment or monitored information. In an embodiment,communicating the life support protocol information (ACT 415) includesproviding an indication of the monitoring or treatment capabilities ofat least one life support device.

Method 400 further includes an act of receiving operating instructions(ACT 420) provided by the second life support device. The operatinginstructions can be received by the first life support device. In anembodiment, receiving operating instructions (ACT 420) occurs responsiveto an act of communicating protocol information (ACT 415) from one lifesupport device to another. For example, a first life support device cancommunicate information (ACT 415) to a second life support device andcan receive operating instructions (ACT 420) based on the communicatedinformation. The operating instructions can include instructions tomonitor, treat, or decouple the first life support device from thesubject. The received operating instructions can include a prompt forfurther information. In an embodiment, receiving operating instructions(ACT 420) includes receiving information via wired or wirelesstransmission from a life support device. Operating instructions can alsobe received (ACT 420) from a user via a user interface that is part ofor connected to the first or second life support device. In anembodiment, receiving operating instructions (ACT 420) includesreceiving instructions to couple the first or second life support devicewith a subject, for example for monitoring or treatment purposes.

The method 400 further includes an act of implementing operatinginstructions (ACT 425). Implementing operating instructions (ACT 425)can include executing instructions to monitor or treat a subject.Operating instructions can be implemented (ACT 425) by the first orsecond life support device. In an embodiment, implementing operatinginstructions (ACT 425) includes acts of implementing instructions todecouple the first life support device with a subject, or to couple thesecond life support device with the subject. Implementing operatinginstructions (ACT 425) can also include acts of receiving instructionsfrom the second life support device to decouple the first life supportdevice from the subject, receiving instructions from the second lifesupport device to couple the second life support device with thesubject, or receiving instructions to modify or adjust a treatment ormonitoring protocol provided by the first life support device.

Having now described some illustrative embodiments, it is apparent thatthe foregoing is illustrative and not limiting, having been presented byway of example. In particular, although many of the examples presentedherein involve specific combinations of method acts or system elements,those acts and those elements may be combined in other ways. Acts,elements and features discussed only in connection with one embodimentare not intended to be excluded from a similar role in otherembodiments.

Note that in FIGS. 1 through 4, the enumerated items are shown asindividual elements. In actual implementations of the systems andmethods described herein, however, they may be inseparable components ofother electronic devices such as a digital computer. Thus, actionsdescribed above may be implemented at least in part in software that maybe embodied in an article of manufacture that includes a program storagemedium. The program storage medium includes non-transitory and otherdata signals embodied in one or more of a carrier wave, a computer disk(magnetic, or optical (e.g., CD or DVD, or both)), non-volatile memory,tape, a system memory, and a computer hard drive.

Any references to embodiments or elements or acts of the systems andmethods herein referred to in the singular may also embrace embodimentsincluding a plurality of these elements. References to any act orelement being based on any information, act or element may includeembodiments where the act or element is based at least in part on thereferenced information, act, or element.

References to “or” should be construed as inclusive so that any termsdescribed using “or” may indicate any of a single, more than one, andall of the described terms.

The systems and methods described herein may be embodied in otherspecific forms without departing from the characteristics thereof. Forexample the nomenclature of first and second life support devices is forconvenience of description. In some embodiments, the first and secondlife support devices are interchangeable; the first life support devicecan include components and characteristics described with reference tothe second life support device, and the second life support device caninclude components and characteristics described with reference to thefirst life support device. The first and second life support devices canhave redundant or overlapping monitoring or treatment capabilities. Inan embodiment, the second life support device is a tablet computer,smart phone, or personal digital assistant capable of communicating withthe first life support device. The foregoing embodiments areillustrative rather than limiting of the described systems and methods.

What is claimed is:
 1. A life support system, comprising: a first lifesupport device having a control unit configured to determine a firstlife support protocol to be applied to treat a subject and a memory unitoperatively coupled to the control unit and configured to storeinformation concerning the first life support protocol, the control unitfurther being configured to transmit the information concerning thefirst life support protocol to a second life support device that isdistinct from the first life support device, to receive operatinginstructions from the second life support device concerning a secondlife support protocol to be applied to treat the subject based upon theinformation concerning the first life support protocol, and to implementthe operating instructions on the first life support device to treat thesubject by applying the second life support protocol to treat thesubject using the first life support device.
 2. The life support systemof claim 1, wherein the first life support device includes at least oneof an automated external defibrillator, a wearable externaldefibrillator, and a basic life support defibrillator; and wherein thesecond life support device includes an advanced life supportdefibrillator.
 3. The life support system of claim 1, wherein thecontrol unit of the first life support device is further configured toprovide an indication of treatment capabilities of the first lifesupport device to the second life support device.
 4. The life supportsystem of claim 1, wherein the information concerning the first lifesupport protocol identifies at least one of a life support protocolpreviously applied to treat the subject and a life support protocol tobe applied to treat the subject in the future.
 5. The life supportsystem of claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to communicatethe information concerning the first life support protocol to the secondlife support device in response to a request from the second lifesupport device.
 6. The life support system of claim 1, wherein the firstlife support protocol is to be applied to treat the subject when thefirst life support device is operated as a stand-alone device in a firstmode of operation, and wherein the first life support device can bereconfigured to apply the second life support protocol, different fromthe first life support protocol, to treat the subject in a second modeof operation only upon receipt of the operating instructions receivedfrom the second life support device.
 7. The life support system of claim6, wherein the first life support protocol identifies a life supportprotocol previously applied to treat the subject and a life supportprotocol to be applied to treat the subject in the future.
 8. The lifesupport system of claim 7, wherein the second life support protocol is amodification of the first life support protocol to be applied to treatthe subject in the future.
 9. The life support system of claim 8,wherein the second life support device is configured to provide power tothe first life support device.
 10. The life support system of claim 1,wherein the first life support protocol identifies a life supportprotocol previously applied to treat the subject and a life supportprotocol to be applied to treat the subject in the future.
 11. The lifesupport system of claim 10, wherein the second life support protocol isa modification of the first life support protocol to be applied to treatthe subject in the future.
 12. The life support system of claim 1,wherein the first life support device is configured to treat the subjectby applying the second life support protocol when the first life supportdevice is physically coupled with the subject and the second lifesupport device is communicatively coupled with the first life supportdevice but not physically coupled with the subject.
 13. The life supportsystem of claim 1, wherein the second life support device is configuredto provide power to the first life support device.
 14. The life supportsystem of claim 1, wherein the control unit of the first life supportdevice is further configured to provide an indication of treatmentcapabilities of the first life support device to the second life supportdevice, and wherein the operating instructions received from the secondlife support device are further based upon the treatment capabilities ofthe first life support device.